Advanced MNP Training at IMR

Between 1 October and 28 November 2025, four researchers – Dr. Janja Vidmar and Dr. Majda Nikezić from JSI, and Evangelos N. Karousis and Dr. Dimitrios Savvas from AUA – participated in a training within the InPlasTwin project at the Institute of Marine Research (IMR) in Bergen, Norway, under the main supervision of Dr. André Marcel Bienfait.

The overall objective of this two-month knowledge exchange was to strengthen the analytical capacity of JSI and AUA by providing advanced theoretical and practical training in the analysis of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) in environmental and food matrices, using both spectroscopic and mass-spectrometric approaches. During the training, participants received in-depth instruction and hands-on experience with spectroscopic techniques, including ATR-FTIR, FTIR microscopy, and QCL-IR microscopy. The programme also covered training on obtaining high-quality hyperspectral imaging datasets and the use of machine learning (AI-based) tools for processing complex spectroscopic datasets. Moreover, training in mass-spectrometric methods was focused on py-GC-MS.

Practical work was performed on samples of conventional (polyethylene) and biodegradable mulching films, as well as on nano- and microplastic particles generated from these materials through cryo-milling. The trainees also analysed MNPs in strawberry samples. To enable reliable detection, the trainees explored and evaluated various extraction approaches, ultimately working toward a protocol tailored to the challenges posed by this complex food matrix. In this context, the trainees initially concentrated on the enzymatic digestion of the strawberry samples. However, the resulting filters remained heavily loaded with residual organic matter, which hindered downstream analysis. This observation prompted the evaluation of a combined approach, where the enzymatic treatment was complemented with a mild alkaline step. This strategy proved significantly more effective at minimizing the remaining sample matrix and improving the overall recovery of the target particles.

In addition to laboratory activities, the staff exchange visit also provided an opportunity to learn about the research activities and infrastructure of IMR, including laboratories, instruments, and the participating researchers and experts who directly or indirectly contribute to the InPlasTwin project.